एवं प्रवर्तितं चक्रं नानुवर्तयतीह यः ।अघायुरिन्द्रियारामो मोघं पार्थ स जीवति ॥
evaṃ pravartitaṃ cakraṃ nānuvartayatīha yaḥ |aghāyur indriyārāmo moghaṃ pārtha sa jīvati ||
- एवम् · evam
- thus
- प्रवर्तितम् · pravartitam
- set in motion
- चक्रम् · cakram
- the wheel
- न · na
- not
- अनुवर्तयति · anuvartayati
- follows, keeps turning
- इह · iha
- here, in this world
- यः · yaḥ
- who
- अघायुः · aghāyuḥ
- whose life is sin, living in vain
- इन्द्रियारामः · indriyārāmaḥ
- delighting in the senses
- मोघम् · mogham
- in vain
- पार्थ · pārtha
- O Partha (Arjuna)
- सः · saḥ
- he
- जीवति · jīvati
- lives
“One who does not keep turning here the wheel thus set in motion — living in sin, delighting in the senses — that one lives in vain, O Partha.”
— Original plain-language translation
Refusing the circulation of giving and receiving is opting out of the cosmos itself. Such a life, reduced to sense-pleasure, is called vain — motion without meaning. The wheel image makes duty a cosmic participation, not a burden.
— Reader's notes (original)